Pantry Pest Identification (Various species)

Types Of Pantry Pests In Western Washington

Cigarette Beetles

Cigarette beetles are yellowish to reddish-brown in color and about 1/10 inch long. Oval in shape, this pest appears hunchbacked because its head is bent downward. The drugstore beetle’s serrate antennae are smooth and end in a 3-segmented club.As their name implies, the cigarette beetle prefers to infest dried tobacco, but will also feed on book bindings and stored products found in homes. A female cigarette beetle can lay up to 100 eggs on the food products from which the larvae will feed. The development time from egg to adult is six to eight weeks and adults live two to four weeks. The larvae typically feed on a variety of pet foods, including dried and processed foods such as grain, pasta, raisins, rice, seeds and even cockroach poison. Cigarette beetles will sometimes feed on furniture stuffing and dried floral arrangements as well.

Cigarette beetles are active all year long but prefer temperatures over 65 degrees and low-lit areas, but can be pushed indoors when these conditions are not met outside. Inside, they will infest storage areas that contain dried tobacco. They will also invade homes to feed on cereal, flour and other stored products that are a staple of most pantries. Although known for feeding on cured tobacco, cigarettes and cigars, in the home this beetle is most commonly found in pet foods, cereals, nuts, and candy. It may also infest dried pepper arrangements, wreaths, and spices such as chili powder or paprika.

Drugstore Beetles

Drugstore beetles are reddish-brown in color, about 1/8 inch long, and oval-shaped. They are considered pantry pests and commonly infest a wide variety of foods, including those made from dried plant or animal products. Drugstore beetles are named for their tendency to feed on pharmacy drugs, but they will also infest spices, coffee beans, seeds, dried pet foods, bread, and flour products such as cereals, cookies, dry mixes, and meal.  Drugstore beetles sometimes feed on non-food items such as wool, leather, books, wooden objects and even tin or aluminum foil.

While the entire lifecycle of a drugstore beetle lasts about two to seven months, the beetle will generally cause most of its damage in the larval stage. A female drugstore beetle will lay up to 100 eggs on its food source.  For about four to twenty weeks, the small, white larvae burrow through the food and consume it before building a cocoon and pupating within the span of 12 to 18 days.

Flour Beetles

Red flour beetles are shiny and reddish-brown beetles that grow to about 1/8th of an inch in length, with distinctive antennae that abruptly end into an enlarged three-segmented club. They have a flattened, oval shaped body and are winged, using their wings to fly short distances.

The most common signs that red flour beetles have invaded your home is to see the actual beetles either crawling or flying throughout your home, or by seeing them in your flour or cereal products. You may also notice holes where they have chewed through the packaging of flour or other dry cereal products that are stored in your kitchen or pantry areas.

Grain Beetles

Grain beetles are slender-bodied, flat, brown beetles that are about 1/10 inch long with six saw-like tooth projections on each side of the thorax. Both the larvae and adults feed on products including flours, cereals, candies, dried fruit and more. It’s not uncommon to find them infesting pet food, bird see and rodent bait.

The grain beetle is a major pest of stored food products in homes and commercial facilities. The pests usually get into goods when they are in production or on their way to stores or homes. Tainted items on grocery store shelves can lead to a mass infestation in the local area. In homes, grain beetle infestations begin when residents bring infested food into the kitchen. The insects quickly spread to other bagged or boxed products.

Indian Meal Moths

Indian meal moths are among the most common and most destructive pantry pests in the country. Indian meal moths are flying insects ranging from 1/2 to 5/8th of an inch in length. Adult Indian meal moths are most easily identified by a characteristic wing pattern where the rear half of the wings is distinctly reddish brown or bronze colored.

Indian meal moths begin their life cycle as eggs laid by females directly on or inside packaging of food products. The eggs hatch into larvae that resemble small, creamy-white caterpillars but that are more worm-like with brown heads and bodies that can sometimes be tinged pink or green depending upon what they are feeding upon. Damage to stored food products is caused by the larvae spinning silken threads as they feed and crawl, thus webbing food particles together. The larvae feed on such food products such as dried fruits, powdered milk, cornmeal, flour, raisins, prunes, nuts, chocolate, bird seed, dry dog and cat food, fish food, graham crackers, pastas, etc.

In residential pantries, Indian meal moths typically infest flour, grains, cereals, dried fruits, pasta, powdered milk and many other items commonly found stored in homes. They may also be found in dry pet food and stored bird seed. In fact, in most cases they are already present in birdseed when it is brought into the home. Birdseed and pet foods should always be stored in sealed containers and should not remain in the original packaging. It is also important to inspect and remove any infested dried goods at the onset of sighting adult moths. Indian meal moths have also been known to infest candy bars and baked goods in vending machines.

Weevils

Weevils are very small beetles, about 1/16- to 1/4-inch long with dull reddish-brown to black coloration and four reddish-yellow spots on its back. They are primarily attracted to wheat and stored grains. In homes, they can infest pantries and make their way into dry food products. In the wild, they are particularly damaging to crops. Most have the ability to chew through paper in order to access a food source. They can be found in nuts, seeds, cereals and grain products.

Weevils thrive in warm conditions and mature more quickly under high temperatures. They take longer to develop in cold temperatures and have a lower survival rate. In the home, weevils can be brought in on packaged foods or they can come in from outside. Once inside, a population can grow and expand to food items stored nearby if they are not controlled.